top of page

Essential4Health

Get Healthy ~ Stay Healthy

Essential4Health

Get Healthy ~ Stay Healthy

medical-practitioner-checking-health-status-patient-blood-pressure-check

Scar Tissue

body-positive-woman-with-scar-body
"Scar Tissue" is connective tissue that develops as part of the body’s healing response after injury, surgery, or inflammation. Collagen and fibrin are deposited to close wounds and restore structure, but excess buildup can reduce flexibility, restrict movement, or cause chronic discomfort. Internal scar tissue may lead to adhesions between organs or muscles, interfering with normal function. Managing scar formation through massage, stretching, physical therapy, or medical treatment helps improve mobility, ease pain, and promote long-term recovery outcomes.

Description

This page has 57 references

"Scar Tissue" is connective tissue that develops as part of the body’s healing response after injury, surgery, or inflammation. Collagen and fibrin are deposited to close wounds and restore structure, but excess buildup can reduce flexibility, restrict movement, or cause chronic discomfort. Internal scar tissue may lead to adhesions between organs or muscles, interfering with normal function. Managing scar formation through massage, stretching, physical therapy, or medical treatment helps improve mobility, ease pain, and promote long-term recovery outcomes.

Symptoms & Signs

Body System

Causes

Injury, Surgery, Skin Infections, Insect Bites

Things To Do

To support wound healing and proper scarring of the tissues, follow these recommendations:


  • a whole-foods-based diet consisting of fresh vegetables, fruits, meat, fish, whole grains, legumes, and healthy fats.

  • a high-fiber diet that supports gut health and reduces inflammation.

  • diet rich in protein. Proteins build and repair the tissues in the body. Furthermore, amino acids, such as arganin and glutamine, aid in collagen synthesis and tissue repair.

  • whole foods rich in zinc. Zinc aids in wound healing and tissue repair.

  • whole foods rich in vitamin A. Vitamin A regulates inflammatory processes and supports the repair of tissues.

  • whole foods rich in vitamins C and E. Both vitamins are anti-inflammatory. They are important in the remodeling of scar tissue.

  • whole foods rich in B vitamins. B vitamins help mobilize the cells responsible for scar tissue repair.

  • omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. They aid in wound healing.

  • Drink bone broth for collagen.

  • stay hydrated. Drink quality mineral water. Moisture is necessary for proper healing.


Other recommendations include:


  • getting quality sleep. Sleep is regenerative for our body. It is an essential element that impacts the speed of healing.

  • keeping your skin moisturized. Moisture helps the skin and tissues regenerate faster. Do not apply any lotions, moisturizers, or oils to your wound unless instructed otherwise. Make sure that the skin surrounding the scarring tissues is well hydrated.

  • When your wounds have healed, try castor or coconut oil to break down the hardening scar fibers. 

  • Try aloe vera gel to moisturize your scars.

  • Do regular stretching exercises to help the scar tissue become more flexible.  

  • maintain a healthy weight.

Things To Avoid

The following foods should be avoided:


  • processed, junk, and fast foods. They contain trans fatty acids, added sodium, sugar, and refined carbohydrates. 

  • Sugar and refined carbohydrates cause inflammation and raise blood sugar levels. This slows down wound healing and contributes to scar formation.

  • AGEs that are found in processed, deep-fired, and grilled foods. AGEs' accumulation is associated with excessive redness of scar tissue.

  • Caffeine and caffeinated drinks slow down wound healing, contribute to dehydration, and impact nutrient absorption.

  • Alcohol disrupts collagen synthesis and decreases the absorption of vitamins and minerals essential for healing.

  • Nitrite-rich foods [processed foods] inhibit the ability to heal.

  • High sodium intake promotes scarring.


Furthermore, avoid the following:


  • Smoking reduces the blood volume and the amount of oxygen the blood can carry. Both inhibit proper healing and promote excessive scar formation.

  • Baths and long showers because scabs that form on your skin will become soft and peel off too soon.

  • Medications that slow down wound healing and contribute to excessive scarring, such as steroids.

  • excessive weight gain. The more fat tissue you accumulate, the bigger the chance that your wound will take longer to heal.

  • lack of sleep. 

Supplements

Direct Support

(Most Helpful → Least Helpful)

These supplements directly affect scar tissue by promoting collagen remodeling, supporting tissue regeneration, or reducing fibrotic buildup.

  1. Serrapeptase: Serrapeptase reduces inflammation and actively breaks down excess scar tissue, helping to soften hardened areas and restore tissue flexibility. Its dual action supports faster healing and overall tissue regeneration.

  2. Nattokinase: Nattokinase, a fibrinolytic enzyme, breaks down fibrin to limit scar tissue formation while promoting smoother healing. By enhancing tissue repair and reducing clot formation, it supports a more efficient recovery process.

  3. Papain: Papain, a proteolytic enzyme derived from papaya, helps dissolve damaged tissue while encouraging new growth. By reducing scar buildup and enhancing the repair process, it supports smoother and more complete healing.

  4. N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine [NAC]: NAC stimulates blood vessel formation and neutralizes oxidative stress, creating an optimal environment for wound healing. Its role in reducing free radicals contributes to minimized scar tissue and better tissue recovery.

  5. Digestive Enzymes: Digestive enzymes enhance nutrient absorption, ensuring the availability of essential vitamins and minerals for proper tissue regeneration. This improved nutrient intake aids in reducing scar tissue and supporting overall healing.

Indirect Support

(Most Helpful → Least Helpful)

These supplements do not target scar tissue directly but may support inflammation control, immune function, or skin and connective tissue health.

  1. Zinc: Zinc is essential for collagen formation and the healing process, helping prevent excess scar tissue buildup. It supports cellular repair by promoting wound closure and enhancing skin elasticity during recovery.

  2. Vitamin E: Vitamin E, applied topically or taken orally, improves skin regeneration and minimizes oxidative damage in healing tissues. Its antioxidant properties help fade scars and promote collagen production for healthier skin recovery.

Natural Compounds

These natural compounds may help manage scar tissue by supporting skin repair, reducing inflammation, or promoting connective tissue remodeling.

  1. Silicone Gel: Silicone gel, though not a supplement, is widely used to minimize hypertrophic and keloid scars. By maintaining hydration and regulating collagen production, it promotes smoother, less prominent scar tissue.

  2. Coconut Oil: Coconut oil, rich in antioxidants and fatty acids, deeply hydrates the skin and boosts collagen production, helping to minimize scar tissue formation. It supports healing by nourishing the skin and reducing inflammation.

  3. Olive Oil: Olive oil’s high content of Vitamin E and polyphenols promotes skin regeneration and improves the texture of scar tissue. Its antioxidant properties help reduce scarring while improving elasticity for healthier skin recovery.

  4. Colloidal Silver: Colloidal silver offers antimicrobial benefits that aid in wound healing and reduce the risk of infection, which can help prevent excessive scarring.

  5. Apple Cider Vinegar: Apple cider vinegar, with its mild exfoliating effect due to its acidic nature, may help fade scars by promoting skin cell turnover and regeneration, although its effectiveness is largely anecdotal.

Plant Extracts

Direct Support

(Most Helpful → Least Helpful)

These plant extracts directly support scar healing by reducing inflammation, promoting skin regeneration, or aiding in the breakdown of excess collagen.

  1. Gotu Kola: Gotu kola enhances collagen synthesis and modulates fibroblast activity, promoting smoother healing. Its effects on tissue regeneration help reduce scar tissue buildup and improve overall skin recovery.

  2. Bromelain: Bromelain, known for its ability to break down proteins, aids in clearing damaged tissues and promotes effective wound healing. Its anti-inflammatory properties make it particularly useful in reducing scar tissue and supporting recovery.

  3. Aloe Vera Gel: Aloe vera’s ability to promote collagen production and soothe inflammation makes it highly effective in managing scar tissue. Its moisturizing properties further enhance skin regeneration, reducing scar thickness and improving appearance.

  4. Boswellia Serrata: Boswellia serrata enhances collagen stability and promotes wound contraction, reducing scar tissue formation. Its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties also help balance oxidative stress during the healing process.

  5. Grapefruit Seed Extract: Grapefruit seed encourages blood vessel regeneration and helps regulate free radicals, promoting the healing of damaged tissues and contributing to reduced scar formation.

Indirect Support

(Most Helpful → Least Helpful)

These extracts do not act directly on scar tissue but may support detoxification, improve circulation, or enhance nutrient delivery to healing tissues.

  1. Arnica Oil: Arnica reduces inflammation and supports blood flow, minimizing the appearance of scar tissue while promoting faster healing. It also helps prevent excessive bruising and swelling at the wound site.

Alternative Treatments

These alternative therapies support tissue healing, improve skin flexibility, and promote long-term scar reduction in individuals with excessive or lingering scar tissue.

  1. Acupuncture: Acupuncture promotes healing by increasing blood flow, reducing inflammation, and stimulating tissue regeneration. Specific points such as LI4 (Hegu), SP6 (Sanyinjiao), and ST36 (Zusanli) are commonly targeted to aid in scar tissue reduction and improve skin elasticity.

  2. Hyperbaric Chamber Therapy: Hyperbaric chamber therapy increases oxygen availability, which enhances wound healing and reduces scar formation by promoting improved cellular repair processes.

  3. Massage Therapy: Massage therapy helps break down scar tissue adhesions, improves blood flow, and enhances tissue regeneration, which can reduce the thickness, appearance, and discomfort of scars over time.

  4. Cryotherapy: Cryotherapy exposes scarred tissue to extreme cold, reducing inflammation and swelling while accelerating the healing process. It can help improve scar appearance and minimize discomfort.

  5. Hydrotherapy: Hydrotherapy improves circulation and supports healing by using water pressure techniques to reduce inflammation and enhance skin elasticity, aiding in scar recovery.

Books That You May Want To Read

Podcast Episodes To Listen To

Educational Videos To Learn From

Functional Lab Tests That You Might Consider

How Key Nutrients Support the Body

Amino Acids: Amino acids serve as the building blocks of proteins, crucial for muscle growth and repair. Additionally, they play key roles in maintaining proper pH levels, storing nitrogen, synthesizing hormones, and facilitating enzymatic reactions.


Antioxidants: Antioxidants protect cells from oxidative stress caused by free radicals, potentially reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular ailments. They safeguard DNA integrity, slow down aging processes, and support overall cellular health.


Enzymes and Coenzymes: Enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions, while coenzymes assist in these processes by binding temporarily to enzymes. Together, they regulate digestion, energy production, immune responses, and various metabolic pathways.


Fruit Extracts: Rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and fiber, fruit extracts offer numerous health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and immune-boosting properties. They also support digestive health and contribute to overall well-being.


Herbal Extracts: Herbal extracts contain bioactive compounds with various medicinal properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. They have been used traditionally to support digestion, immunity, and overall health.


Minerals: Minerals are essential for various physiological functions, including bone health, nerve transmission, and enzyme activity. They support overall health by ensuring proper cellular function and metabolic processes.


Vitamins: Vitamins are essential micronutrients that play diverse roles in supporting cellular processes, immune function, and overall health. They must be obtained through diet or supplementation to ensure proper bodily function.

Essential Nutrients Explained

References

[1] Jadhav SB, Shah N, Rathi A, Rathi V, Rathi A. Serratiopeptidase: Insights into the therapeutic applications. Biotechnol Rep (Amst). 2020;28:e00544.
[2] Gupte V, Luthra U. Analytical techniques for serratiopeptidase: A review. J Pharm Anal. 2017;7(4):203-207.
[3] Chen H, McGowan EM, Ren N, et al. Nattokinase: A Promising Alternative in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomark Insights. 2018;13.
[4] Midgley AC, Oltean S, Hascall V, et al. Nuclear Hyaluronidase 2 Drives Alternative Splicing Of Cd44 Pre-Mrna To Determine Profibrotic Or Antifibrotic Cell Phenotype. Science Signaling. 2017, 21.
[5] Takabayashi T, Imoto Y, Sakashita M, et al. Nattokinase, profibrinolytic enzyme, effectively shrinks the nasal polyp tissue and decreases viscosity of mucus. Allergol Int. 2017;66(4):594-602.
[6] Sahbaz A, Aynioglu O, Isik H, et al. Bromelain: A natural proteolytic for intra-abdominal adhesion prevention. International Journal of Surgery. 2015, Vol 14, pp 7-11.
[7] Rathnavelu V, Alitheen NB, Sohila S, Kanagesan S, Ramesh R. Potential role of bromelain in clinical and therapeutic applications. Biomed Rep. 2016;5(3):283-288.
[8] Aichele K, Bubel M, Deubel G, Pohlemann T, Oberringer M. Bromelain down-regulates myofibroblast differentiation in an in vitro wound healing assay. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2013;386(10):853-863.
[9] Chen YY, Lu YH, Ma CH, et al. A novel elastic liposome for skin delivery of papain and its application on hypertrophic scar. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2017, 87. 82-91.
[10] Leite AP, de Oliveira BG, Soares MF, Barrocas DL. Uso e efetividade da papaína no processo de cicatrização de feridas: uma revisão sistemática [Use and effectiveness of papain in the wound healing process: a systematic review]. Rev Gaucha Enferm. 2012;33(3):198-207.
[11] Fauzan HJ. Effect of Papain Enzymes on the Density and Amount of Collagen in Scar Tissue in rats. IOSR-JDMS. 2018, Vol 17, Issue 12 Version 7, pp 47-53.
[12] Porsani MYH, Carvalho LAR, Pereira CS, Paludetti M, Zangeronimo MG, Pereira LJ. The use of papain gel cream and sunflower oil in promoting healing in a wound in dogs: three case reports. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia. 2016, 68(5), 1201-1206.
[13] Rachmi Fanani H, Fakhrurrazi, Dinni. Effect of Carica papaya Extract toward Incised Wound Healing Process in Mice (Mus musculus) Clinically and Histologically. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2019.
[14] Ohio State University. Grape Seed Extract Help Speed Up Wound Recovery, Study Suggests. 2002, Dec.
[15] Han M, Sağlıyan A, Benzer F, et al. Beneficial effects of oral administrations of grape seed extract on healing of surgically induced skin wounds in rabbits. Revue de médecine vétérinaire. 2012, 163. 11-17.
[16] Moalla Rekik D, Ben Khedir S, Ksouda Moalla K, Kammoun NG, Rebai T, Sahnoun Z. Evaluation of Wound Healing Properties of Grape Seed, Sesame, and Fenugreek Oils. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:7965689.
[17] Rajakumari R, Volova T, Oluwafemi OS, et al. Nano formulated proanthocyanidins as an effective wound healing component. Materials Science and Engineering. 2020, C, 106.
[18] Han X, Rodriguez D, Parker TL. Biological activities of frankincense essential oil in human dermal fibroblasts. Biochim Open. 2017;4:31-35.
[19] Shedoeva A, Leavesley D, Upton Z, Fan C. Wound Healing and the Use of Medicinal Plants. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2019.
[20] Hou Q, He WJ, Hao HJ, Han QW, Chen L, et al. The Four-Herb Chinese Medicine ANBP Enhances Wound Healing and Inhibits Scar Formation via Bidirectional Regulation of Transformation Growth Factor Pathway. Plos One. 2014, 9(12): e112274.
[21] Sun L, Wu D, Ning X, et al. α-Amylase-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Panax ginseng. Int J Biol Macromol. 2015;75:152-157.
[22] Tiwari S, Srivastava R, Singh C, et al. Amylases: an overview with special reference to alpha amylase. Journal of Global Biosciences. 2015, 4. 1886-1901.
[23] James JA, Lee BH. Glucoamylases: Microbial Sources, Industrial Applications And Molecular Biology — A Review. Journal Of Food Biochemistry. 1997, 21: 1-52.
[24] Zhitkovich A. N-Acetylcysteine: Antioxidant, Aldehyde Scavenger, and More. Chemical Research in Toxicology 2019 32 (7), 1318-1319.
[25] Chu DI, Lim R, Heydrick S, et al. N-acetyl-l-cysteine decreases intra-abdominal adhesion formation through the upregulation of peritoneal fibrinolytic activity and antioxidant defenses. Surgery. 2011;149(6):801-812.
[26] Ozkaya H, Omma T, Murat Y, et al. Topical and Systemic Effects of N-acetyl Cysteine on Wound Healing in a Diabetic Rat Model. Wounds. 2019;31(4):91–96.
[27] Janeczek M, Moy L, Riopelle A, et al. The Potential Uses of N-acetylcysteine in Dermatology: A Review. The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology. 2019, 12(5):20-26.
[28] Yosef B, Zhou Y, Mouschouris K, et al. N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine Reduces Fibrosis and Improves Muscle Function After Acute Compartment Syndrome Injury. Military Medicine. 2020, Vol 185, Issue Supplement_1, January-February, pp 25–34.
[29] Palmieri B, Gozzi G, Palmieri G. Vitamin E added silicone gel sheets for treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids. International journal of dermatology. 1995 Jul;34(7):506-9.
[30] Ehrlich HP, Tarver H, Hunt TK. Inhibitory effects of vitamin E on collagen synthesis and wound repair. Annals of Surgery. 1972 Feb;175(2):235.
[31] Han B, Fang WH, Zhao S, Yang Z, Hoang BX. Zinc sulfide nanoparticles improve skin regeneration. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine. 2020 Oct 1;29:102263.
[32] Lin PH, Sermersheim M, Li H, Lee PH, Steinberg SM, Ma J. Zinc in wound healing modulation. Nutrients. 2017 Dec 24;10(1):16.
[33] Ago MB, Adifa DP. Benefits of Gotu Kola Leaf in Responding to Prevent the Form of Keloid in The Wound. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research. 2020 Feb 5;2(1):23-8.
[34] Xu B, Duan Y, Yu D, Jia P. Biological activity and mechanism of action of Gotu kola oil in skin wound repair. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2024 May 10;23(4):691-4.
[35] Castro FC, Magre A, Cherpinski R, Zelante PM, Neves LM, Esquisatto MA, Mendonça FA, Santos GM. Effects of microcurrent application alone or in combination with topical Hypericum perforatum L. and Arnica montana L. on surgically induced wound healing in Wistar rats. Homeopathy. 2012 Jul;101(03):147-53.
[36] Hutsko KI, Petrina RO. PLANT RAW MATERIAL AS A SOURCE OF METABOLITES FOR WOUND HEALING AND ANTI-SCARRING PRODUCT. Biotechnologia Acta. 2024 May 1;17(3):16-28.
[37] Alam AJ, Jailania M, Hajar S. The Use of Aloe vera Gel on Scar Collagen. Jurnal Rekonstruksi & Estetik. 2021 Dec;6(2).
[38] Hamid AA, Soliman MF. Effect of topical aloe vera on the process of healing of full-thickness skin burn: a histological and immunohistochemical study. Journal of Histology & Histopathology. 2015;2(1):3.
[39] Tian F, Liu Z. Silicone gel sheeting for treating hypertrophic scars. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2021(9).
[40] Tandara AA, Mustoe TA. The role of the epidermis in the control of scarring: evidence for mechanism of action for silicone gel. Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery. 2008 Oct 1;61(10):1219-25.
[41] Nevin KG, Rajamohan T. Effect of topical application of virgin coconut oil on skin components and antioxidant status during dermal wound healing in young rats. Skin pharmacology and physiology. 2010 Jun 3;23(6):290-7.
[42] Silalahi J, Surbakti C. Burn wound healing activity of hydrolyzed virgin coconut oil. International Journal of PharmTech Research. 2015 Jun 24;8(1):67-73.
[43] González-Acedo A, Ramos-Torrecillas J, Illescas-Montes R, Costela-Ruiz VJ, Ruiz C, Melguizo-Rodríguez L, García-Martínez O. The benefits of olive oil for skin health: study on the effect of hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, and oleocanthal on human fibroblasts. Nutrients. 2023 Apr 25;15(9):2077.
[44] Hangan LT, Carabineanu AD, Badiu D, Crainiceanu ZO, Cumpanas A, Bardan R, Ciurlea SO, Oancea AL, Navolan DB. The benefits of olive oil compounds in healing burned skin lesions. Rev. Chim. 2016 Sep 1;67:1793-6.
[45] Thammawithan S, Srichaiyapol O, Siritongsuk P, Daduang S, Klaynongsruang S, Prapasarakul N, Patramanon R. Anisotropic silver nanoparticles gel exhibits antibacterial action and reduced scar formation on wounds contaminated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) in a mice model. Animals. 2021 Nov 30;11(12):3412.
[46] Mishra M, Kumar H, Tripathi K. Diabetic delayed wound healing and the role of silver nanoparticles. Dig J Nanomater Bios. 2008 Jun 1;3(2):49-54.
[47] Fang S. The successful treatment of pain associated with scar tissue using acupuncture. Journal of acupuncture and meridian studies. 2014 Oct 1;7(5):262-4.
[48] Liu B, Dong Y. A New Interpretation of Nei Jing's Multiple Needling Technique: Scar Tissue Acupuncture Release Technique (START) and It's Application on Myofascial Scar Tissue. International Journal of Clinical Acupuncture. 2018 Apr 1;27(2).
[49] Mowafy ZM, Elgohary HM, Hassan KM, Mohamed KE. Effect of cryotherapy on hypertrophic scar. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine. 2021 Jan 30;8(3):1184-91.
[50] Har-Shai Y, Amar M, Sabo E. Intralesional cryotherapy for enhancing the involution of hypertrophic scars and keloids. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. 2003 May 1;111(6):1841-52.
[51] Moufarrij S, Deghayli L, Raffoul W, Hirt-Burri N, Michetti M, de Buys Roessingh A, Norberg M, Applegate LA. How important is hydrotherapy? Effects of dynamic action of hot spring water as a rehabilitative treatment for burn patients in Switzerland. Annals of burns and fire disasters. 2014 Dec 12;27(4):184.
[52] Aly Yakout R, Khlosy H. Range of Motion Exercises Effect during and after Hydrotherapy on Patients Burned Hand Function and Pain Intensity: A Comparative Study. Egyptian Journal of Health Care. 2020 Sep 1;11(3):670-87.
[53] Zhou Y, Dong Q, Pan Z, Song Y, Su P, Niu Y, Sun Y, Liu D. Hyperbaric oxygen improves functional recovery of the injured spinal cord by inhibiting inflammation and glial scar formation. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2019 Oct 1;98(10):914-20.
[54] Ince B, Ismayilzade M, Arslan A, Oltulu P, Baycar Z, Dadaci M. Evaluation of the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on hypertrophic scar formation in a rabbit ear model: An experimental study. Dermatologic Therapy. 2020 Nov;33(6):e14146.
[55] Song KX, Liu S, Zhang MZ, Liang WZ, Liu H, Dong XH, Wang YB, Wang XJ. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves the effect of keloid surgery and radiotherapy by reducing the recurrence rate. Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. 2018 Nov;19(11):853.
[56] Deflorin C, Hohenauer E, Stoop R, Van Daele U, Clijsen R, Taeymans J. Physical management of scar tissue: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The journal of alternative and complementary medicine. 2020 Oct 1;26(10):854-65.
[57] Cho YS, Jeon JH, Hong A, Yang HT, Yim H, Cho YS, Kim DH, Hur J, Kim JH, Chun W, Lee BC. The effect of burn rehabilitation massage therapy on hypertrophic scar after burn: a randomized controlled trial. Burns. 2014 Dec 1;40(8):1513-20.

bottom of page